Flying-machine



H. A AYVAD.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-25, 1917.

1,369,875, Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

Inv ent O1,

Hach-ig A Ayvad Aftor ney rnv ivemaoninnf I t Specification ofLetters ll atentedhi ar. 1-,

'. llliplicationfiled nugusags, 19117 serial N 188, 99."

Toall'w/iontit 'ziicty'concem: Q I Be it known"that-L'Hnoine A AYvAD,-a citizen ot'the United-States'of America, and

a resident of Emporia, in the county of Greensville and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and usefuldinprove' J ments in Flying-Machines, of whichthe f0l' r I v The sheets of the supporting wingswill bag lowing is a specification This inventionha's 'for an object the provision of a flying-machine which cannot be overturned in passing through rising or falling air-currents which are not the same on the two sides. A further object is to provide a flying-machine in which there are reserve planes to be brought into service in event of any of the other planes being broken off, as for example, by being shot away in battle, and to provide for the bringing of such reserve planes automatically into service position and without attention from the pilot. A further object is to provide a means for steering the flying-machine by adjusting the angles, horizontal and vertical between the planes on the one hand and the car and propeller-axis on the other. A further object is to provide a form of plane which is reversible and which willautomatically under the pressure of the air bend to the most eflicient form whichever side is prethe two sides, sufiicient revolution takes sented to the air pressure. p

In the accompanying sheet of drawings which forms apart of this application,

Figure l is a side elevation of'a flyingmachine in flightembodying this invention, the car being shown in section on the line I-I of Fig.2;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; and

Fig. 3 is a top or plan view.

The flying-machine depends for its support on a series of wings or planes each having a partially bounding frame 4 within which a flexible sheet 5 is stretched. These wings are equally spaced around an axle 6, and when not stressed the wings lie in a series of radially disposed planes having the axis of the axle in common. lhe wings taken together constitute a multiplane and when there are eight wings, which is considered to be the preferable number, it may be termed an octoplanel. When set so that two of the wings are vertical, these two serve as rudders, and the other six are effective supporting planes, two being horizontal and four setting at angles of forty-five degrees to the '-liorizo11tal.. Peripheral line'sof bracii1g"'7, 7, which, may be "of cords" or stiflf'rods, are carried around the wings of the multiplane atthe forward edges and at the outer edges but not'at the rear edges and are attached to the ribsof'eachflving in any suitable manner, as'by k-notting at eyes 8,. 8;

with the pressureot' the air on their under sides and assume aconcave form. This bagging taken in connection with a certain flexibility of that part of the boundingframe which is-not braced will allow the concavity to flatten out at the rear and so bring each supporting wing as a whole to a curvature which is greatest nearthe forward edge and concave underneath and convex above no matter which side up the wing is used. This multiplane is mounted in bearings 9, 9 at the upper ends of a yoke 10 and is revoluble inthese bearings. The bearingsare purposely large so as to introduce a certain amount of friction and steady the multiplane against revolving except when the wings on the two sides encounter materially different rising or falling aircurrents and will stop the revolution as soon as such currents are passed by. When the multiplane place to equalize the difference so as to preruns into air currents which aredifi'erent on vent the overturning of the flying-machine.

Also, if one or more of the wings should be broken off or otherwise be put out of condition', the multiplanewill turn so that such -wings as are: left will take a symmetrical position if possible on the two sides of the vertical so as to afiordsupport;

v A car 11 is suspended from the yoke through a post 12 to which the yoke is pivoted. A second post 13 has a slot in its side which guides the forward edge of the yoke. The yoke may be tilted by turning a wheel and screw 14: and the multiplane thereby tilted upward or downward. The two posts rise from a bar 15 which is connected through a vertical pin 16 and a. horizontal curved guide 17 with the frame of the car, thereby forming a structure which maybe likened to the fifth wheel of a wagon but inverted. Its purpose is to permit of horizontal adjustment between themultiplane some of the planes ofowhich act as rudders on the one hand and the car and propeller on the 7 other hand for the purpose of steering.

1 The car ecar riesa n enginee18 and a propeller 19. "The propeller is carried by a shaft 20 mounted in bearings 21,121 supported from the car and above the car so that the linerof propulsion will lie between the car and the multiplane. The transmis' sion; from the engine shaft 22 is through a pulley 23, rope belt 24, and pulley 25. In flying, the flying-machine is directed up or down by turning the wheel to adjust the amount; of tilt of the; multiplane "as,

can therefore with his hands-without relaxing hold of. the wheel exercise control of I bothvertical and horizontal direction. The wings are narrower at the rear to prevent the flying-machine in alighting fr0mplung headlong.

' hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

A revoluble multiplane consisting of a series of radially disposed wings, the plane of each winglying substantially inthe axis,

of the multiplane, each win consisting'of a o flexible sheet stretched in a rame, the framebeing braced at the forward edge and permitted to flex at its reariedge whereby the sheet will become concave toward the direction of air pressure withthe concavity flattened toward the rear, substantially as described. w

Signed at New York, N. Y.,' this 23rd day of August, 1917. V v

HAOHIG AAYV-AD. 

